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Hydromania and Washington's Essential Academic Learning Requirements

The following chart travels through each curriculum topic, tying them to the Washington Essential Academic Learning Requirements 2000 (this will link you to the State of Washington's Education Reform website) that are addressed by that lesson. Sometimes only parts of a particular benchmark will be applicable to a Hydromania unit, but we thought it best to cite the entire benchmark for easier reference to these state goals. Please note also that because a lesson can be taught and expanded on at many levels of thoroughness, benchmarks were included assuming the most thorough coverage of the topic. Therefore, each teacher will want to review the listed benchmarks in order to see for her/himself which ones are in agreement with their plans. Hopefully you will find this to be a helpful and timesaving tool as you help students rise to the challenge of meeting these goals.

Curriculum Topic Essential Academic Learning Requirement Subtopic (if applicable)/
Grade 4 and 7 Benchmarks
Topic I:
Measurement 		Mathematics:
The student understands and applies the concepts and procedures of mathematics.
To meet this standard, the student will understand and apply concepts and procedures from number sense.		 Estimation:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify situations involving whole numbers in which estimation is useful.
    > use estimation to predict computation results and to determine the reasonableness of answers, for example, estimating a grocery bill.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify situations involving rational numbers in which estimation is sufficient and computation is not required.
    > use estimation to predict computation results and to determine the reasonableness of answers involving rational numbers, for example, estimating a tip.
Mathematics:
The student understands and applies the concepts and procedures of mathematics.
To meet this standard, the student will understand and apply concepts and procedures from measurement.		 Attributes and dimensions:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand concepts of perimeter, area, and volume.
    > use directly measurable attributes such as length, perimeter, area, volume/capacity, angle, weight/mass, money, and temperature to describe and compare objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the relationship among perimeter, area, and volume.
    > measure objects and events directly or using indirect methods such as finding the area of a rectangle given its length and width.
Approximation and precision:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that measurement is approximate.
    > estimate to predict and determine when measurements are reasonable, for example, estimating the length of the playground by pacing it off.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that precision is related to the unit of measurement used and the calibration of the measurement tool.
    > use estimation to obtain reasonable approximations, for example, estimating the length and width of the playground to approximate its area.
Systems and tools:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand the benefits of using standard units of measurement for measuring length, area, and volume.
    > understand appropriate units of measure for time, money, length, area, volume, mass, and temperature.
    > use appropriate tools for measuring time, money, length, area, volume, mass, and temperature.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the benefits of standard units of measurement for direct and indirect measurement.
    > understand the relationship among units within both the U. S. and metric systems.
    > select and use tools that will provide an appropriate degree of precision, for example, using meters vs. kilometers.
Mathematics:
The student understands and applies the concepts and procedures of mathematics.
To meet this standard, the student will understand and apply concepts and procedures from algebraic sense.		 Relations and representations:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize, create, and extend patterns of objects and numbers using a variety of materials such as beans, toothpicks, pattern blocks, calculator, cubes, or colored tiles.
  • Grade 7:
    > recognize, create, and extend patterns and sequences.
    > understand and use variables in simple equations, inequalities, and formulas, for example, 3x > 18.
Operations:
  • Grade 4:
    > evaluate simple expressions using blocks, sticks, beans, pictures, etc.
    > solve simple expressions using blocks, sticks, beans, pictures, etc.
  • Grade 7:
    > evaluate simple expressions.
    > set up and solve single-variable equations.
Mathematics:
The student uses mathematics to define and solve problems.
To meet this standard, the student will investigate situations.
  • Grade 4:
    > search for patterns in simple situations.
    > use a variety of strategies and approaches.
    > recognize when an approach is unproductive and try a new approach.
  • Grade 7:
    > search systematically for patterns in simple situations.
    > develop and use a variety of strategies and approaches.
    > recognize the need to modify or abandon an unproductive approach.
Mathematics:
The student uses mathematics to define and solve problems.
To meet this standard, the student will formulate questions and define the problem.
  • Grade 4:
    > identify questions to be answered in familiar situations.
    > define problems in familiar situations.
    > identify the unknowns in familiar situations.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify questions to be answered in new situations.
    > define problems in new situations.
    > identify the unknowns in new situations.
Mathematics:
The student uses mathematics to define and solve problems.
To meet this standard, the student will construct solutions.
  • Grade 4:
    > select and use appropriate mathematical tools.
    > apply appropriate methods, operations, and processes to construct a solution.
  • Grade 7:
    > select and use appropriate mathematical tools.
    > apply appropriate methods, operations, and processes to construct a solution.
Mathematics:
The student uses mathematical reasoning.
To meet this standard, the student will analyze information.
  • Grade 4:
    > interpret and compare information in familiar situations.
    > validate thinking using models, known facts, patterns, and relationships.
  • Grade 7:
    > interpret, compare, and contrast information from a variety of sources.
    > validate thinking and mathematical ideas using models, known facts, patterns, relationships, and counterexamples.
Mathematics:
The student uses mathematical reasoning.
To meet this standard, the student will predict results and make inferences.
  • Grade 4:
    > make conjectures and inferences based on analysis of familiar problem situations.
  • Grade 7:
    > make conjectures and inferences based on analysis of new problem situations.
Mathematics:
The student uses mathematical reasoning.
To meet this standard, the student will draw conclusions and verify results.
  • Grade 4:
    > test conjectures by finding examples to support or contradict them.
    > support arguments and justify results based on own experiences.
    > check for reasonableness of results.
    > reflect on and evaluate procedures and results in familiar situations.
  • Grade 7:
    > test conjectures and inferences and explain why they are true or false.
    > support arguments and justify results using inductive reasoning.
    > check for reasonableness of results.
    > reflect and evaluate on procedures and results in new situations.
Mathematics:
The student communicates knowledge and understanding in both everyday and mathematical language.
To meet this standard, the student will gather information.
  • Grade 4:
    > follow a plan for collecting information.
    > use reading, listening, and observation skills to access and extract mathematical information from a variety of sources, such as pictures, diagrams, physical models, classmates, oral narratives, and symbolic representations.
  • Grade 7:
    > develop a plan for collecting information.
    > use reading, listening, and observation skills to access and extract mathematical information from multiple sources, such as pictures, diagrams, physical models, oral narratives, and symbolic representations.
Mathematics:
The student communicates knowledge and understanding in both everyday and mathematical language.
To meet this standard, the student will organize and interpret information.
  • Grade 4:
    > organize and clarify mathematical information in at least one way- reflecting, verbalizing, discussing, or writing.
  • Grade 7:
    > organize and clarify mathematical information by reflecting, verbalizing, discussing, or writing.
Mathematics:
The student communicates knowledge and understanding in both everyday and mathematical language.
To meet this standard, the student will represent and share information.
  • Grade 4:
    > express ideas using mathematical language and notation such as physical or pictorial models, tables, charts, graphs, or symbols.
    > express mathematical ideas to familiar people using everyday language.
  • Grade 7:
    > clearly and effectively express or present ideas using both everyday and mathematical language such as models, tables, charts, graphs, written reflection, or algebraic notation.
    > express mathematical ideas with clarity using both everyday and mathematical language appropriate to audience.
Mathematics:
The student understands how mathematical ideas connect within mathematics, to other subject areas, and to real-life situations.
To meet this standard, the student will relate concepts and procedures within mathematics.
  • Grade 4:
    > connect conceptual and procedural understandings among familiar mathematical content areas.
    > recognize equivalent mathematical models and representations in familiar situations.
  • Grade 7:
    > connect conceptual and procedural understandings among different mathematical content areas.
    > relate and use different mathematical models and representations for the same situation.
Mathematics:
The student understands how mathematical ideas connect within mathematics, to other subject areas, and to real-life situations.
To meet this standard, the student will relate mathematical concepts and procedures to real-life situations.
  • Grade 4:
    > give examples of how mathematics is used in everyday life.
    > identify how mathematics is used in career settings.
  • Grade 7:
    > recognize the extensive use of mathematics outside the classroom, for example, in banking or sports statistics.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Topic II:
Surface Tension 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Physical Science: Nature of forces:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe forces in terms of strength and direction.
  • Grade 7:
    > know the factors that determine the strength of the various forces.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Topic III:
Density 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Physical Science: Properties of substances:
  • Grade 4:
    > use properties to sort natural and manufactured materials and objects, for example, size, weight, shape, color, texture, and hardness.
  • Grade 7:
    > use physical and chemical properties to identify and describe substances, for example density, boiling point, and solubility.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Physical Science: Structure of matter:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter is made of small particles.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that all matter is made up of atoms, which may be combined in various kinds, ways, and numbers.
Physical Science: Physical/chemical changes:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter can undergo changes of state such as evaporation, condensation, or freezing and thawing.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and know that matter is conserved.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Topic IV:
Newton's Laws of Motion 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Physical Science: Motion of objects:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe the relative position and motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe the positions, relative speeds, and changes in speed of objects.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Physical Science: Energy sources and kinds:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that energy keeps things running and comes in many forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms, including stored energy, energy of motion, and heat energy such as heat, light electrical, mechanical, sound, nuclear, and chemical.
Physical Science: Energy transfer and transformation:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that energy can be transferred between various forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > determine factors that affect rate and amount of energy transfer; associate a decrease in one form of energy with an increase in another.
Physical Science: Physical/chemical changes:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter can undergo changes of state such as evaporation, condensation, or freezing and thawing.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and know that matter is conserved.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Physical Science: Nature of forces:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe forces in terms of strength and direction.
  • Grade 7:
    > know the factors that determine the strength of the various forces.
Physical Science: Forces to explain motion:
  • Grade 4:
    > investigate and recognize factors which determine the effects of a push or pull on the motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of objects along a straight line.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will apply science knowledge and skills to solve problems or meet challenges.		 Designing and testing solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > propose, design, and test a solution to a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify, design, and test alternative solutions to a challenge or problem.
Evaluating potential solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > evaluate how well a design or a product solves a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast multiple solutions to a problem or challenge.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Art:
The student understands and applies art knowledge and skills.
To meet this standard, the student will develop arts skills and techniques.
  • Grade 4:
    > identify and use basic art skills and techniques.
  • Grade 7:
    > develop arts skills and techniques.
Art:
The student communicates through the arts.
To meet this standard, the student will use the arts to express and present ideas and feelings.
  • Grade 4:
    > express personal feelings and ideas through the arts.
  • Grade 7:
    > express ideas and feelings using artistic symbols in a variety of styles and forms.
Topic V:
States of Matter 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Earth/Space Science: Nature and properties of earth materials:
  • Grade 4:
    > observe and examine physical properties of earth materials such as rocks and soil, water (as liquid, solid, and vapor) and the gases of the atmosphere.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the parts of a system, how the parts go together, and how they depend on each other.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how the parts of a system interact and influence each other.
Physical Science: Energy sources and kinds:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that energy keeps things running and comes in many forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms, including stored energy, energy of motion, and heat energy such as heat, light electrical, mechanical, sound, nuclear, and chemical.
Physical Science: Energy transfer and transformation:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that energy can be transferred between various forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > determine factors that affect rate and amount of energy transfer; associate a decrease in one form of energy with an increase in another.
Physical Science: Structure of matter:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter is made of small particles.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that all matter is made up of atoms, which may be combined in various kinds, ways, and numbers.
Physical Science: Physical/chemical changes:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter can undergo changes of state such as evaporation, condensation, or freezing and thawing.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and know that matter is conserved.
Life Science: Structure and organization of living systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that living things are composed of parts made of cells.
  • Grade 7:
    > know that specialized cells within multicellular organisms form different kinds of tissues, organs, and organ systems to carry out life functions.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Life Science: Life processes and the flow of matter and energy:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that living things need constant energy supplied from food or light and that, in ecosystems, substances such as air, water, nutrients, and the chemicals in food are continually recycled.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that individual organisms use matter and energy for life processes, and the mechanisms accomplishing these processes are complex, integrated, and regulated.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Topic VI:
Power 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Physical Science: Motion of objects:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe the relative position and motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe the positions, relative speeds, and changes in speed of objects.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the parts of a system, how the parts go together, and how they depend on each other.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how the parts of a system interact and influence each other.
Physical Science: Energy sources and kinds:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that energy keeps things running and comes in many forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms, including stored energy, energy of motion, and heat energy such as heat, light electrical, mechanical, sound, nuclear, and chemical.
Physical Science: Energy transfer and transformation:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that energy can be transferred between various forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > determine factors that affect rate and amount of energy transfer; associate a decrease in one form of energy with an increase in another.
Physical Science: Structure of matter:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter is made of small particles.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that all matter is made up of atoms, which may be combined in various kinds, ways, and numbers.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Physical Science: Nature of forces:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe forces in terms of strength and direction.
  • Grade 7:
    > know the factors that determine the strength of the various forces.
Physical Science: Forces to explain motion:
  • Grade 4:
    > investigate and recognize factors which determine the effects of a push or pull on the motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of objects along a straight line.
Life Science: Environmental and resource issues:
  • Grade 4:
    > know humans and other living things depend on the natural environment, and can cause changes in their environment that affect their ability to survive.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how human societies' use of natural resources affects quality of life and the health of ecosystems.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Modeling:
  • Grade 4:
    > model objects, events, or processes by representing them with concrete objects, metaphors, analogies, or other conceptual or physical constructs.
  • Grade 7:
    > correlate models of the behavior of objects, events, or processes to the behavior of the actual things; test models by predicting and observing actual behaviors or processes.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will apply science knowledge and skills to solve problems or meet challenges.		 Identifying problems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify problems found in familiar contexts in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify and examine common, everyday challenges or problems in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions.
Designing and testing solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > propose, design, and test a solution to a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify, design, and test alternative solutions to a challenge or problem.
Evaluating potential solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > evaluate how well a design or a product solves a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast multiple solutions to a problem or challenge.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Evolution of scientific ideas:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that ideas in science change as new scientific thinking, theories, and evidence arise.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are interrelated and may lead to changing ideas.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 All people contribute to science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that science and technology have been practiced by all peoples throughout history.
  • Grade 7:
    > know that science and technology have been developed, used, and affected by many diverse individuals, cultures, and societies throughout human history.
Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the knowledge and skills of science, mathematics, and technology used in common occupations.
  • Grade 7:
    > investigate the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas of interest.
Topic VII:
Native American Philosophies 		History:
The student examines and understands major ideas, eras, themes, developments, turning points, chronology, and cause-and-effect relationships in U. S., world, and Washington State history.
To meet this standard, the student will analyze the historical development of events, people, places, and patterns of life in the U. S., world, and Washington State history.		 Washington State history:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain major events and identify important people in the history of the Pacific Northwest and investigate the influence of geography on the history of the region.
  • Grade 7:
    > interpret events, issues, and developments in Washington State history and their impact on people then and now.
History:
The student examines and understands major ideas, eras, themes, developments, turning points, chronology, and cause-and-effect relationships in U. S., world, and Washington State history.
To meet this standard, the student will examine the influence of culture on U. S., world, and Washington State history.
  • Grade 4:
    > describe the contributions of people of various cultural groups to the development of the local community and Washington State, for example, native peoples, colonists, pioneers, and immigrants.
  • Grade 7:
    > examine the historical development of different cultures with regard to cultural elements such as art, literature, and music, customs, and traditions, how people made a living, governments, philosophical and religious ideas, and social developments and discuss how these elements have impacted history.
History:
The student understands the origin and impact of ideas and technological developments on history and social change.
To meet this standard, the student will explain the origin and impact of an idea on society.
  • Grade 4:
    > explain how an idea has affected the way people live such as land rights, free speech, and the separation of church and state.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain the origins and development of an idea in history, for example, Puritanism, "separate spheres" for men and women, and abolitionism.
History:
The student understands the origin and impact of ideas and technological developments on history and social change.
To meet this standard, the student will analyze how historical conditions shape ideas and how ideas change over time.
  • Grade 4:
    > explain how historical conditions have shaped ideas, for example, ideas about property rights and religious ideas.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how the meaning of ideas can change over time, for example, ideas about equality, welfare, and democracy.
History:
The student understands the origin and impact of ideas and technological developments on history and social change.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how ideas and technological developments influence people, resources, and culture.
  • Grade 4:
    > describe instances in which changes in values, beliefs, and attitudes have resulted from new technology such as conservation of resources or ideas about the universe.
  • Grade 7:
    > interpret how ideas and attitudes have been shaped by changing technologies such as the printing press, atomic energy, and genetic discoveries.
  • Grade 4:
    > describe how ideas and technological developments have affected people, resources, and cultures, for example, map-making, telescopes, and agricultural practices.
  • Grade 7:
    > assess the impact of ideas and technological developments on society and culture, for example, railroads, power looms, and steam engines.
Topic VIII:
Biology 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Physical Science: Properties of substances:
  • Grade 4:
    > use properties to sort natural and manufactured materials and objects, for example, size, weight, shape, color, texture, and hardness.
  • Grade 7:
    > use physical and chemical properties to identify and describe substances, for example density, boiling point, and solubility.
Life science: Basis of biological diversity:
  • Grade 4:
    > distinguish living organisms from nonliving objects, and use characteristics to sort common organisms into plant and animal groups.
  • Grade 7:
    > categorize plants and animals into groups according to how they accomplish life processes and by similarities and differences in external and internal structures.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the parts of a system, how the parts go together, and how they depend on each other.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how the parts of a system interact and influence each other.
Life Science: Structure and organization of living systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that living things are composed of parts made of cells.
  • Grade 7:
    > know that specialized cells within multicellular organisms form different kinds of tissues, organs, and organ systems to carry out life functions.
Life Science: Molecular basis of heredity:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe the life cycles of plants and animals, and recognize the differences between inherited and acquired characteristics.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that all living things reproduce and pass on genetic information, and that an organism's characteristics are determined by both genetic and environmental influences.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Physical Science: Forces to explain motion:
  • Grade 4:
    > investigate and recognize factors which determine the effects of a push or pull on the motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of objects along a straight line.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Life Science: Life processes and the flow of matter and energy:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that living things need constant energy supplied from food or light and that, in ecosystems, substances such as air, water, nutrients, and the chemicals in food are continually recycled.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that individual organisms use matter and energy for life processes, and the mechanisms accomplishing these processes are complex, integrated, and regulated.
Life Science: Biological evolution:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that fossil records show patterns of structural change in organisms over time.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how biological evolution accounts for species diversity, adaptation, natural selection, extinction, and change in organisms over time.
Life Science: Environmental and resource issues:
  • Grade 4:
    > know humans and other living things depend on the natural environment, and can cause changes in their environment that affect their ability to survive.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how human societies use of natural resources affects quality of life and the health of ecosystems.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will apply science knowledge and skills to solve problems or meet challenges.		 Identifying problems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify problems found in familiar contexts in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify and examine common, everyday challenges or problems in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions.
Evaluating potential solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > evaluate how well a design or a product solves a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast multiple solutions to a problem or challenge.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Limitations of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > distinguish between questions that can be answered with science and technology and those that cannot.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that scientific investigation is limited to the natural world.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Evolution of scientific ideas:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that ideas in science change as new scientific thinking, theories, and evidence arise.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are interrelated and may lead to changing ideas.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the knowledge and skills of science, mathematics, and technology used in common occupations.
  • Grade 7:
    > investigate the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas of interest.
Topic IX:
Bernoulli's Principle 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Physical Science: Motion of objects:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe the relative position and motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe the positions, relative speeds, and changes in speed of objects.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the parts of a system, how the parts go together, and how they depend on each other.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how the parts of a system interact and influence each other.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Physical Science: Nature of forces:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe forces in terms of strength and direction.
  • Grade 7:
    > know the factors that determine the strength of the various forces.
Physical Science: Forces to explain motion:
  • Grade 4:
    > investigate and recognize factors which determine the effects of a push or pull on the motion of objects.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of objects along a straight line.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Modeling:
  • Grade 4:
    > model objects, events, or processes by representing them with concrete objects, metaphors, analogies, or other conceptual or physical constructs.
  • Grade 7:
    > correlate models of the behavior of objects, events, or processes to the behavior of the actual things; test models by predicting and observing actual behaviors or processes.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will apply science knowledge and skills to solve problems or meet challenges.		 Identifying problems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify problems found in familiar contexts in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify and examine common, everyday challenges or problems in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions.
Designing and testing solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > propose, design, and test a solution to a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > identify, design, and test alternative solutions to a challenge or problem.
Evaluating potential solutions:
  • Grade 4:
    > evaluate how well a design or a product solves a problem.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast multiple solutions to a problem or challenge.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Limitations of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > distinguish between questions that can be answered with science and technology and those that cannot.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that scientific investigation is limited to the natural world.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Evolution of scientific ideas:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that ideas in science change as new scientific thinking, theories, and evidence arise.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are interrelated and may lead to changing ideas.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 All people contribute to science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that science and technology have been practiced by all peoples throughout history.
  • Grade 7:
    > know that science and technology have been developed, used, and affected by many diverse individuals, cultures, and societies throughout human history.
Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the knowledge and skills of science, mathematics, and technology used in common occupations.
  • Grade 7:
    > investigate the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas of interest.
Topic X:
Ecology 		Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects, and use characteristics to categorize living things.		 Earth/Space Science: Nature and properties of earth materials:
  • Grade 4:
    > observe and examine physical properties of earth materials such as rocks and soil, water (as liquid, solid, and vapor) and the gases of the atmosphere.
Life science: Basis of biological diversity:
  • Grade 4:
    > distinguish living organisms from nonliving objects, and use characteristics to sort common organisms into plant and animal groups.
  • Grade 7:
    > categorize plants and animals into groups according to how they accomplish life processes and by similarities and differences in external and internal structures.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the interconnections within and among them.		 Systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the parts of a system, how the parts go together, and how they depend on each other.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how the parts of a system interact and influence each other.
Physical Science: Energy sources and kinds:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that energy keeps things running and comes in many forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms, including stored energy, energy of motion, and heat energy such as heat, light electrical, mechanical, sound, nuclear, and chemical.
Physical Science: Energy transfer and transformation:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that energy can be transferred between various forms.
  • Grade 7:
    > determine factors that affect rate and amount of energy transfer; associate a decrease in one form of energy with an increase in another.
Physical Science: Physical/chemical changes:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that matter can undergo changes of state such as evaporation, condensation, or freezing and thawing.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and know that matter is conserved.
Life Science: Structure and organization of living systems:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that living things are composed of parts made of cells.
  • Grade 7:
    > know that specialized cells within multicellular organisms form different kinds of tissues, organs, and organ systems to carry out life functions.
Life Science: Molecular basis of heredity:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe the life cycles of plants and animals, and recognize the differences between inherited and acquired characteristics.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that all living things reproduce and pass on genetic information, and that an organism's characteristics are determined by both genetic and environmental influences.
Science:
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
To meet this standard, the student will understand how interactions within and among systems cause changes in matter and energy.		 Life Science: Life processes and the flow of matter and energy:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that living things need constant energy supplied from food or light and that, in ecosystems, substances such as air, water, nutrients, and the chemicals in food are continually recycled.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand that individual organisms use matter and energy for life processes, and the mechanisms accomplishing these processes are complex, integrated, and regulated.
Life Science: Interdependence of life:
  • Grade 4:
    > describe how an organism's behavior and ability to survive is influenced by its environment, other life forms, and availability of food and/or other resources.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how organisms interact with their environment and with other organisms to acquire energy, cycle matter, influence behavior, and establish competitive or mutually beneficial relationships.
Life Science: Environmental and resource issues:
  • Grade 4:
    > know humans and other living things depend on the natural environment, and can cause changes in their environment that affect their ability to survive.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how human societies use of natural resources affects quality of life and the health of ecosystems.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.		 Questioning:
  • Grade 4:
    > ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.
  • Grade 7:
    > generate questions that can be answered through scientific investigations.
Designing and conducting investigations:
  • Grade 4:
    > plan and conduct simple investigations, using appropriate tools, measures, and safety rules.
  • Grade 7:
    > design, conduct, and evaluate scientific investigations, using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures.
Explanation:
  • Grade 4:
    > use data to construct reasonable explanations.
  • Grade 7:
    > use evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions.
Modeling:
  • Grade 4:
    > model objects, events, or processes by representing them with concrete objects, metaphors, analogies, or other conceptual or physical constructs.
  • Grade 7:
    > correlate models of the behavior of objects, events, or processes to the behavior of the actual things; test models by predicting and observing actual behaviors or processes.
Communication:
  • Grade 4:
    > record and report observations, explanations, and conclusions using oral, written, and mathematical expression.
  • Grade 7:
    > communicate scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics.
Science:
The student understands the nature and contexts of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will understand the nature of scientific inquiry.		 Intellectual honesty:
  • Grade 4:
    > understand that all scientific observations should be reported accurately even when they contradict expectations.
  • Grade 7:
    > understand the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology such as skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, and proprietary discovery.
Dealing with inconsistencies:
  • Grade 4:
    > explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results.
  • Grade 7:
    > provide more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defend or refute the explanations using evidence.
Evaluating methods of investigation:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that results of scientific investigations can come from expected and unexpected sources.
  • Grade 7:
    > describe how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation.
Evolution of scientific ideas:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that ideas in science change as new scientific thinking, theories, and evidence arise.
  • Grade 7:
    > explain how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are interrelated and may lead to changing ideas.
Science:
The student knows and applies the skills and processes of science and technology.
To meet this standard, the student will know that science and technology are human endeavors, interrelated to each other, to society, and to the workplace.		 All people contribute to science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > know that science and technology have been practiced by all peoples throughout history.
  • Grade 7:
    > know that science and technology have been developed, used, and affected by many diverse individuals, cultures, and societies throughout human history.
Relationship of science and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > recognize that people have invented tools for everyday life and for scientific investigations.
  • Grade 7:
    > compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; know that science enables technology and vice versa.
Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology:
  • Grade 4:
    > identify the knowledge and skills of science, mathematics, and technology used in common occupations.
  • Grade 7:
    > investigate the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas of interest.
Art:
The student understands and applies art knowledge and skills.
To meet this standard, the student will develop arts skills and techniques.
  • Grade 4:
    > identify and use basic art skills and techniques.
  • Grade 7:
    > develop arts skills and techniques.
Art:
The student communicates through the arts.
To meet this standard, the student will use the arts to express and present ideas and feelings.
  • Grade 4:
    > express personal feelings and ideas through the arts.
  • Grade 7:
    > express ideas and feelings using artistic symbols in a variety of styles and forms.
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